对于任何给定方阵\(\mathbf{A}\),特征值\(\lambda\)都一定满足:[...]
并且特征向量\(x\)满足: [...]
特征值\(\lambda\)都一定满足
\(\det(\mathbf{A}-\lambda\mathbf{I})=\mathbf{0}\)
并且特征向量\(x\)满足
\((\mathbf{A}-\lambda\mathbf{I})x=0\)